Shell and Core vs. Cat A fit out: What's the difference?

What is a Shell and Core fit out?

A Shell and Core fit out refers to the basic structure of a property before any interior work takes place. It includes the core concrete and metal framework, structural elements like columns and elevator shafts, the external facade (windows and/or curtain walling) and weatherproofing, and initial utilities and plumbing.

Essentially, a Shell and Core space is a bare construction site without lighting, flooring, or mechanical systems. It establishes the fundamental supports and bones of the property, upon which the fit out process can build to create customised interiors.

What is included in a Shell and Core fit out?

While the specifics may vary, a typical Shell and Core fit out includes:

• The core concrete and metal framework
• Structural elements like columns and elevator shafts
• External facade and weatherproofing
• Initial utilities, plumbing and drainage
• In-coming power supply and distribution board

What is a Cat A office fit out?

A Cat A fit out takes a Shell and Core space and adds the core services needed to make it habitable. However, at this stage, the environment remains a "blank canvas" without custom elements like kitchens, breakout areas, or meeting rooms.

Additional work through a Cat B fit out is required to create a fully functioning office space design tailored to the tenant's needs.

What is included in a CAT A fit out?

While there's no industry standard, but Cat A spaces typically contain:

• Raised floors and suspended ceilings (with basic finish)
• Basic mechanical, electrical, and HVAC services
• Fire detection systems and smoke alarms
• Minimal finishes on walls
• Lighting, air conditioning, and bathrooms
• Core area toilets and shower facilities

A Cat A fit out provides the bare minimum for occupancy but lacks the specialised design and amenities needed for the space to operate as a workplace.